In early December I received an invitation from the Financial Times to a discussion dinner at the Grand Hotel in Oslo. They wanted to discuss “Norway’s Gas Future”. The reasons given for them taking up this topic were:
“There is much debate however over the growth potential of Norwegian gas output. One study, from Uppsala University, predicts that production will peak at a maximum 127 billion cubic meters (bcm) a year in 2016 and then begin to fall, to 96-115 bcm/year by 2030. More discoveries are needed, and more pipeline capacity to bring the gas to the EU. What is the true nature of Norway’s gas potential? Will gas become more or less important as a long-term answer to energy security? What are the implications for Norway’s role as a major supplier to the EU?”
The host for the discussion was Sylvia Pfeifer, who was appointed “Energy Editor” for the Financial Times in August 2010. Of course I accepted the invitation and I was very happy that our article in Energy Policy was one of the reasons for the invitation. (Read the article in Energy Policy: European energy security: The future of Norwegian natural gas production)
Those invited to the discussion were, ”top-level decision-makers and thought leaders from government, civil society, academia and the energy industry” and the invitation concluded with the comment that, if I accepted, I was to follow ”Chatham House rules”. It was with great excitement that I entered the venue for the event and the only thing I can say about the participants is that there were 15 of us around the table and we represented those sectors that had been described above in the invitation. According to the rules I can discuss what we discussed, but not name who said what.
Appropriately and just before the meeting, on 13 January The Norwegian Petroleum Directorate reduced its estimates for expected future discoveries of natural gas but they still have not stated the level of production they expect after 2020. For the period up to 2020 they paint a rosy picture of the future. The average Norwegian is aware that Norway’s oil production is declining but, for many years, they have heard that this decline will be compensated for by increased natural gas production. The reality that we found by our research looks completely different.
Some points from the discussion:
• Nobody declared that they considered us to be incorrect. Rather, we received support for the conclusions in our article.
• Many wanted the NOD to release a production prognosis for the period to 2035, i.e. the same timeframe that the IEA currently uses, so that the Norwegian public could prepare for a future different from what they currently believe.
• The unease we feel for Europe’s energy security is not shared by others. They think there are very large volumes of gas elsewhere in the world that can be liquefied and freighted to Europe as LNG.
• The opinion was presented that startup of production from the Russian gasfield Stockman could be delayed until 2035.
• A nation must pay for its imports with exports and at the moment 65% of Norway’s imports are paid for by the oil industry.
• The opinion was presented that natural gas must be discussed together with renewable energy sources and I support this. To face the future we must discuss power policy at the same time as we discuss energy policy.
I could add many points but I will satisfy myself with these. It was extremely interesting to participate in the meeting and very satisfying that our research has been noticed in this way. It will be interesting to see if the debate impacts on future articles in the Financial Times.
(Swedish)
I början av december fick jag en inbjudan från Financial Times till en diskussionsmiddag på Grand Hotel i Oslo. Man ville diskutera ”Norway’s Gas Future”. En av anledningarna till att man ville ta upp denna diskussion motiverades enligt följande:
There is much debate however over the growth potential of Norwegian gas output. One study, from Uppsala University, predicts that production will peak at a maximum 127 billion cubic meters (bcm) a year in 2016 and then begin to fall, to 96-115 bcm/year by 2030. More discoveries are needed, and more pipeline capacity to bring the gas to the EU. What is the true nature of Norway’s gas potential? Will gas become more or less important as a long-term answer to energy security? What are the implications for Norway’s role as a major supplier to the EU?
Värd för diskussionen var Sylvia Pfeifer, som sedan augusti 2010 är ”Energy Editor” på Financial Times. Självfallet tackade jag ja till inbjudan och det kändes ganska stort att vår artikel i Energy Policy var en av anledningarna till inbjudan. (Läs artikeln i Energy Policy: European energy security: The future of Norwegian natural gas production)
Inbjudna till diskussionen var ”top-level decision-makers and thought leaders from government, civil society, academia and the energy industry” och inbjudan avslutades med kommentaren att om jag accepterade inbjudan accepterade jag också att följa de så kallade ”Chatham House rules”. Det var med stor spänning som jag steg in i lokalen för tillställningen och det enda jag kan säga är att vi var 15 runt bordet och vi representerade de sektorer som nämndes i inbjudan. Enligt reglerna kan jag diskutera vad vi diskuterade, men inte nämna vem som sa vad.
Mycket lägligt inför mötet hade The Norwegian Petroleum Directorate den 13 januari skrivit ner framtida förväntade fyndigheter av naturgas, men fortfarande har man inte sagt vilken produktion man förväntar sig efter 2020. Fram till dess målar man upp en ljus bild av framtiden. Norrmannen på gatan är nog medveten om att oljeproduktionen minska men man har under många år hört att denna minskning skall kompenseras av ökad naturgasproduktion. Den verklighet som vi fann i vår forskning ser helt annorlunda ut.
Några punkter från diskussionen:
• Det var ingen som reste sig upp och ansåg att vi hade fel, snarare fick vi stöd för de slutsatser som vi gör i vår artikel.
• Flera efterlyste att NOD skulle göra en prognos fram till 2035, dvs samma tidsram som IEA nu använder, och på så sätt förbereda det norska folket på en framtid som är annorlunda än vad man tror.
• Den oro som vi känner för Europas energisäkerhet delades inte av de andra. Man ansåg att det finns väldigt mycket gas som kan kylas ner till LNG och sedan fraktas till Europa.
• Vad det gäller det ryska gasfältet Stockman framfördes åsikten att produktionen kan dröja fram till 2035 innan man kommer igång.
• Ett lands import måste betalas med export och just nu är det oljeindustrin som betalar 65 procent av den norska importen.
• Det framfördes att naturgas måste diskuteras tillsammans med förnybara energikällor, viket jag stödjer. Inför framtiden måste vi diskutera effektpolitik samtidigt som vi diskuterar energipolitik.
Det finns fler punkter som kan läggas till men jag nöjer mig med dessa. Fantastiskt intressant att få vara med, fantastiskt roligt att vår forskning uppmärksammas på detta sätt. Det skall bli intressant att se om debatten kommer att påverka framtida artiklar i Financial Times.
Ed Pell
January 25, 2011
Now that oil has peaked all the politicians talk about natural gas and how here in the US natural gas production will be increased 200% filling in all the short falls of oil. Well Professor time for a whole new group of studies on natural gas production.
Pete Mason
January 25, 2011
It’s maybe a little off-subject, but have you commented anywhere on the Oil drum’s January 17
2011 ruminations here:
No peak oil yet? The limits of the Hubbert model
Posted by Ugo Bardi.
I know you argue that the Hubbert model is insufficient for accurate predictions (I’m sure you are right), so I guess what I would ideally like to see is a brief bullet point rebuff.
Ed Pell
January 29, 2011
So globally all pols of big energy importing countries have the same story line: natural gas will grow and grow and take care of all problems (at least until long after I have left office).
Trond Svendsen
February 1, 2011
“Inför framtiden måste vi diskutera effektpolitik samtidigt som vi diskuterar energipolitik”.
Utmärkt! Särskilt relevant i t.ex. Sverige och Norge där direktverkande el i stor utsträcking används för uppvärmning av byggnader.